How Much Can You Cut Off A Flag To Repair It

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Unit of measurement v. Form and Use of the Causative

Principal Idea

When we want to practise something, just cannot or do not desire to do it ourselves, we enquire someone else to do it for us. The person who does it may be less important to us than what is done, so we apply the causative passive - we utilise have or get with the past participle of the verb:

E.g. - We're having a pool built in the garden.

Form

We employ the Causative with dissimilar tenses and with Modals. Look at the examples:

	HAVE	SOMETHING	DONE
You should	accept	your car	serviced	regularly.
Marker	has	his suits	cleaned	at Superclean.
We	had	the television set	repaired	only concluding twelvemonth.
Y'all've	had	your pilus	cutting.
Our neighbours are	having	a new garage	built.
Is Melanie	having	a new cooker	installed?

Note that we can use the perfect of the Continious (take had, are having).

In negatives and questions in uncomplicated tenses, we use a course of do.

E.thou. - Marking doesn't have his suits cleaned at Fastclean.

- We didn't have new windows put in because it was besides expensive.

- Do you lot have your car serviced regularly?

- Where did you have your hair cut?

Exercise 1. Await at the pictures and say what people are doing or what they did. Apply these phrases: her photo, his windows, his machine, her eyes, his hair Utilize these verbs: clean, cut, repair, take, test.

E.g. At the moment Trevor is having his pilus cut.

1. 
   Final week Mike_______________________________
   
2. 
   At the moment Melissa_________________________
   
3. 
   Yesterday David_______________________________
   
4. 
   At the moment Rachel__________________________
   

Exercise two. Consummate these sentences with the right forms of the verbs in brackets.

Eastward.g. They've just had their living room

__ decorated __ (decorate).

1. 
   Your motorcar engine sounds dreadful. Y'all ought to accept it ____________ (look at).
   
2. 
   Have you lot had your eyes___________recently? (test)
   
3. 
   He'due south going to have his hair____________at the weekend. (cut)
   
4. 
   Can I accept this letter______________, delight? (photocopy)
   
5. 
   This alphabetic character is then important, I'm going to have it____________ by a lawyer.(write)
   

Practice iii. Rewrite the following sentences using take + v-ed if it is formal (F), and go + five-ed if it is informal (I). (Make certain you keep the same tense, and omit the words in italics.)

E.g. Tomorrow the dentist is going to make full my tooth. (F) Tomorrow I'thou going to have my molar filled.

1. 
   The shoe store mended my football boots for me terminal calendar week. (I)
   
2. 
   I must ask someone to fix my bike. (I)
   
3. 
   The optician was testing her optics because she used the reckoner so much. (F)
   
4. 
   I forgot to ask the window-cleaner to clean the windows at the weekend. (I)
   
5. 
   I should ask the gardener to cut the grass before my mother-in-law arrives. (I)
   
6. 
   My lawyer is altering my volition for me in the well-nigh future. (F)
   
7. 
   Did somebody repair your roof? (F)
   
8. 
   An engineer is checking Simon's central heating today. (I)
   
9. 
   Has anyone e'er read your palm? (F)
   
10. 
    I want somebody to decorate my room. (D
    
11. 
    He told the police to abort his principal accountant for fraud. (F)
    

Exercise 4. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentences. Utilize the structure 'have something washed'.

E.thousand. We ___are having the firm painted___ (the business firm /pigment) at the moment.

1. 
   I lost my key. I'll have to________________ (another key / brand).
   
2. 
   When was the last time you________________ (your pilus / cutting)?
   
3. 
   You lot look different_________________ (you / your pilus / cut)?
   
4. 
   ____________________ (yous / a paper / deliver) to your house or practise you get to the store to buy one?
   
5. 
   A: What are those workmen doing in your garden?
   
   1. 
      B: Oh, we________________ (a swimming pool / build).
      
6. 
   A: Can I encounter the photographs you lot took when you were on vacation?
   
   1. 
      B: I'm afraid I________________ (not / the pic / develop) all the same.
      
7. 
   This coat is dingy. I must________________ (it / clean).
   
8. 
   If you want to vesture earrings, why don't you_______________ (your
   
   1. 
      ears / pierce)?
      

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1. 
   We use the agile to describe jobs we do ourselves or when we know who's doing a job.
   

E.g. - I'm servicing the car. Jack is servicing the car.

2. 
   We utilise the passive to say that a job is being done for us, just nosotros don't know or don't want to say who is doing it.
   

Eastward.grand. - The motorcar is existence serviced. (We're focusing on the machine).

3. 
   Nosotros utilise the causative to stress the fact that we are 'causing' someone to do a job for united states.
   

E.g. - I'm having the motorcar serviced. I accept had my car serviced. I'1000 going to have my hair cut. (Not 'I'm going to cut my hair' which ways 'I'one thousand going to cut information technology myself').

Nosotros frequently use the causative with verbs that accept to exercise with services: build, clean, decorate, develop (a pic), mend, photocopy, press, impress, repair, service.

Exercise 5. Supply the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

Eastward.g. What are you doing? - I __'m cleaning___ the car. (clean)

1. 
   Where's your auto? - It _______________ at the moment. I'll collect it in an 60 minutes. (clean)
   
2. 
   I never notice time to clean the car myself, so I ________________ .(make clean)
   
3. 
   Did yous decorate the room yourselves? - No, we _______________ . (decorate)
   
4. 
   We can't use the living room. It _______________ at the moment. (decorate)
   
5. 
   You ______________ . They expect quite worn, (must/repair your shoes)
   
6. 
   My shoes ______________ . It was an expensive chore! (just repair)
   
7. 
   The heel came off my shoe and I ______________ it myself. (repair)
   
8. 
   'I'd like this picture show ______________' I said. 'Certainly,' the assistant said. (develop and print)
   
9. 
   'Can I use the photocopier _______________ this document?' I asked. (photocopy)
   
10. 
    Who _________________ the children's apparel, in this house? - Who practise you lot think? I do! (mend)
    
11. 
    What's happened to my report? -It ________________ at the moment. (photocopy)
    

Exercise six. Today is Wednesday. Look at the notes Maria wrote yesterday and early today. Then write:

1. 
   what she had done yesterday;
   
2. 
   what she is having done today;
   
3. 
   what she is going to have done tomorrow.
   

Tuesday

1. 
   Best skirt cleaned.
   
2. 
   Two trees planted.
   
3. 
   Car serviced.
   

Wed (today)

1. 
   Eyes tested.
   
2. 
   A film adult.
   
3. 
   Some article of furniture delivered.
   

Thursday

1. 
   A tooth extracted.
   
2. 
   Two teeth filled.
   
3. 
   Hair done.
   

one. a) She had her best skirt cleaned yesterday.

b) She's having her eyes tested today.

c) She's going to take her tooth extracted tomorrow.

2. a) _____________________________________

b) _____________________________________

c) _____________________________________

3. a) _____________________________________

b) _____________________________________

c) _____________________________________

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We sometimes use get in place of take in the Causative to say something is urgent.

Due east.k.: - Have that machine repaired! (Causative) Get that machine repaired! (more urgent Causative).

Practise seven. Employ get in place of have in these sentences.

E.thousand. I must have ____I must get____ this report photocopied and sent off

straightaway.

1. 
   They're finally having _______________ their central heating repaired.
   
2. 
   We'll be having _______________ the job done past a local builder.
   
3. 
   Why don't y'all accept _______________ that suit cleaned? It's filthy!
   
4. 
   Accept _______________ your pilus cut!
   

Practice viii. Read about each situation and write sentences with 'go something done'.

East.g. Melanie is paying the homo who has repaired her bicycle. - Melanie has got her bicycle repaired.

1. 
   David went to the infirmary. A nurse bandaged his arm.
   
2. 
   Daniel is going to the dentist. She's going to fill his molar.
   
3. 
   Laura is walking effectually boondocks while her photos are beingness developed.
   

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We can use accept in this structure with the significant 'experience something', often something unpleasant.

E.g.: - We had all our money stolen.

- The car had its mirror pulled off.

Practice 9. Say what happened to these people.

E.chiliad. Claire (whose luggage was searched in community). - Claire had her baggage searched in customs.

1. Tom (whose automobile was stolen from outside his firm) _____________________ .

2. Rita (whose rent was increased by 10 per cent) _____________________ .

3. David (whose electricity has been cut off) _____________________ .

Practice 10. Put in causative forms for the verbs in the brackets.

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The more you own, the more there is to go wrong. You invest in a new howdy-fi system and in no fourth dimension you lot have to (it repair) ^one _ become it repaired_ . You (a new washing machine install) ⁱⁱ ______________ and y'all have to buy expensive insurance to maintain it. Yous buy a car and need to (it service) ³ ______________ regularly. You buy a camera and spend a fortune (films develop and print) ⁴ ______________ . It'southward not just things that demand abiding attention. How often we have to (our eyes exam) ⁵ ______________, (our teeth fill) ^six ______________ and ( our chests X-ray) ⁷ ______________ ! Only I had o smile last fourth dimension I went to (my hair cutting) ^viii ______________ . A bold discover in the window announced: 'All customers promptly executed!' You certainly wouldn't need to (whatever jobs do) ⁹ ______________ later that!

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